Kaplan & Sadock’s Synopsis of Psychiatry

Contents
A Clinical Psychiatry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1. Examination and Diagnosis of the
Psychiatric Patient. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
1.1 The Adult Patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
1.2 Children and Adolescents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
1.3 Geriatric Patients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
2. Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Other
Childhood Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
2.1 Intellectual Disability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
2.2 Communication Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
2.3 Autism Spectrum Disorder. . . . . . . . . . . . .122
2.4 Attention-Deficit/Hyperacti vity
Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131
2.5 Specific Learning Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . .141
2.6 Motor Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149
2.7 Feeding and Eating Disorders of
Infancy or Early Childhood . . . . . . . . . . . .162
2.8 Trauma- and Stressor-Related
Disorders in Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .167
2.9 Depressive Disorders and Suicide
in Children and Adolescents. . . . . . . . . . . .174
2.10 Early-Onset Bipolar Disorder. . . . . . . . . . .181
2.11 Disruptive Mood Dysregulation
Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185
2.12 Disruptive Behaviors of Childhood . . . . . .186
2.13 Anxiety Disorders of Infancy, Childhood,
and Adolescence: Separation Anxiety
Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder,
and Social Anxiety Disorder (Social
Phobia) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .194
2.14 Selective Mutism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .201
2.15 Obsessi v e-Compulsi v e Disorder
in Childhood and Adolescence . . . . . . . . . .203
2.16 Early-Onset Schizophrenia. . . . . . . . . . . . .207
2.17 Adolescent Substance Use Disorders . . . . .211
3. Neurocognitive Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224
3.1 Delirium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .226
3.2 Dementia (Major Neurocognitive
Disorder). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .233
3.3 Major or Minor Neurocognitive
Disorder due to Another Medical
Condition (Amnestic Disorders). . . . . . . . . .245
3.4 Neurocognitive and Other Psychiatric
Disorders due to a General Medical
Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .249
3.5 Mild Cognitive Impairment . . . . . . . . . . . . .262
4. Substance Use and Addictive Disorders . . . . . . .269
4.1 General Features of the
Substance-Related Disorders . . . . . . . . . . .269
4.2 Alcohol-Related Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . .275
4.3 Cannabis-Related Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . .288
4.4 Opioid-Related Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291
4.5 Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or
Anxiolytic-Related Disorders . . . . . . . . . . .298
4.6 Stimulant-Related Disorders. . . . . . . . . . . .302
4.7 Tobacco-Related Disorders. . . . . . . . . . . . .308
4.8 Caffeine-Related Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . .312
4.9 Hallucinogen-Related Disorders. . . . . . . . .317
4.10 Inhalant-Related Disorders. . . . . . . . . . . . .325
4.11 Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Use . . . . . . .327
4.12 Gambling Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .330
4.13 Other Disorders Related to
the Addictive Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .332
5. Schizophrenia Spectrum and
Other Psychotic Disorders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .337
6. Bipolar Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .365
7. Depressive Disorders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .379
8. Anxiety Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .401
9. Obsessive-Compulsive and Related
Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .415
10. Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders . . . . . .429
11. Dissociative Disorders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .438
12. Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders. . . . . .451
13. Feeding and Eating Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .469
14. Elimination Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .481
15. Sleep–Wake Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .486
16. Human Sexuality and Sexual
Dysfunctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .517xii Contents
17. Gender Dysphoria, Gender Identity,
and Related Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .547
18. Disruptive, Impulse-Control,
and Conduct Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .553
19. Personality Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .560
20. Other Conditions that May be a Focus
of Clinical Attention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .580
B t reatment Across the lifespan . . . . . . . 591
21. Psychopharmacology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .591
21.1 Antipsychotics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .608
21.2 Antidepressants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .624
21.3 Mood Stabilizers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .648
21.4 Anxiolytics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .668
21.5 Drugs Used to Treat Sleep Disorders . . . .679
21.6 Stimulants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .682
21.7 Drugs Used to Treat Substance
Use Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .686
21.8 Drugs Used for Cognitive
Enhancement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .696
21.9 Drugs Used to Treat Sexual Disorders . . . .699
21.10 Drugs Used to Treat the Side
Effects of Psychotropic Drugs . . . . . . . . .701
21.11 Nutritional Supplements and Related. . . .710
22. Other Somatic Therapies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .729
23. Psychotherapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .745
24. Psychiatric Rehabilitation and
Other Interventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .792
25. Consultation to Other Disciplines . . . . . . . . . . . .799
25.1 Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry . . . . . . . .799
25.2 Geriatric Psychiatry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .804
25.3 Psychiatric Emergencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .809
26. Level of Care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .825
C other issues relevant to Psychiatry . . . 829
27. Ethics and Professionalism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .829
28. Forensic and Legal Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .836
29. End-of-Life Issues and Palliative Care . . . . . . . .847
29.1 Death, Dying, and Bereavement. . . . . . . . .847
29.2 Palliative Care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .853
29.3 Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted
Suicide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .863
30. Community Psychiatry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .867
31. Global and Cultural Issues in Psychiatry . . . . . .875
D Contributions from the Sciences
and Social Sciences to Psychiatry . . . . 883
32. Normal Development and Aging . . . . . . . . . . . .883
32.1 Infant, Child, and Adolescent
Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .883
32.2 Adulthood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .905
32.3 Old Age. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .913
33. Contributions from the Neurosciences . . . . . . . .922
34. Contributions from the Behavioral
and Social Sciences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1007
34.1 Contributions from the Psychosocial
Sciences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1007
34.2 Normality and Mental Health. . . . . . . . . .1034
34.3 Contributions from the Sociocultural
Sciences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1040
34.4 Theories of Personality and
Psychopathology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1057
35. A Brief History of Psychiatry . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1096
Glossary of Terms Relating to Signs and Symptoms 1135
Index 1147