Procedural Pediatric Dermatology

xvii
Contents
Associate Editors iii
Foreword iv
Preface v
Acknowledgments vi
Contributors viii
SECTION I: Preprocedural
Approach
1 Quality of Life 2
Kelly Jo Tackett and Craig N. Burkhart
2 Ethical Dilemmas 7
Caryn B.C. Cobb and Lionel Bercovitch
3 Molecular and Cellular Differences
Between Children and Adults 11
George Hightower
4 Billing and Coding in Procedural Pediatric
Dermatology 14
Murad Alam
5 Surgical Procedure Room Setup 18
Asra Hashmi and Amanda A. Gosman
6 Antiseptics and Aseptic Technique 22
Samantha L. Schneider, Danielle Y eager, and
Marla N. Jahnke
7 Surgical Instruments 27
Asra Hashmi and Amanda A. Gosman
8 Sutures 33
Asra Hashmi and Amanda A. Gosman
9 Anatomy and Superficial Landmarks of the
Head and Neck 37
Catherine A. Degesys and Craig N. Burkhart
SECTION II: Procedural Approach
10 Hemostasis 47
Jesalyn A. Tate and Jennifer J. Schoch
11 Simple W ound Repair 52
Mimi R. Borrelli, Ruth Tevlin, and H. Peter Lorenz
12 Complex W ound Repair 63
Sun Hsieh and Amanda A. Gosman
13 Special Site Surgery 69
Samuel H. Lance and Amanda A. Gosman
14 Injectables 77
Kavina Patel and John C. Browning
15 Injectable Corticosteroids (Intralesional
Kenalog, Intramuscular) 82
Eileen Peterson, Stephen C. Senft, and
Craig N. Burkhart
16 Cryosurgery 85
Andrea R. Waldman and Diana H. Lee
17 Electrosurgery/Hyfrecation 88
John C. Browning and Giselle Castillo
18 Laser Surgery 92
Larissa Marie Lehmer and Kristen M. Kelly
19 Laser Treatment of Vascular Lesions 107
Larissa Marie Lehmer and Kristen M. Kelly
20 Phototherapy and Photodynamic
Therapy 114
Sara M. James and Craig N. Burkhart
21 Chemical Peels 120
Angel J. Su, Alexander Choi, and John C.
Browning
22 Dermabrasion 124
Michael C. Raisch and Bradley G. Merritt
23 Autologous Fat Transfer 127
Amanda A. Gosman, Samuel H. Lance, and
Sun Hsieh
SECTION III: Diagnostic-Specific
Procedures
MANEUVERS
24 Acquired Keratoderma 132
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon Friedlanderxviii Contents
25 Aquagenic Wrinkling 133
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
26 Bacterial Culture 135
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
27 Dermatographism 137
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
28 Dermoscopy 138
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
29 Fungal Culture 140
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
30 Hair Biopsy 142
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun,
and Sheila Fallon Friedlander
31 Hair Pull Test 143
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
32 Nail Matrix Biopsy 144
Jane Sanders Bellet
33 Patch Testing for Allergic Contact
Dermatitis 150
Catalina Matiz and Shehla Admani
34 Pinworm Examination 154
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
35 Polymerase Chain Reaction 155
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
36 Skin Biopsy Techniques 156
Samantha L. Schneider, Danielle Y eager, and
Marla N. Jahnke
37 Viral Culture 161
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
38 Wood’s Lamp Skin Examination 163
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
MICRO SCOPY
39 Demodex Examination 165
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
40 Hair Microscopy 167
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
41 Immunofluorescence 169
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
42 Fungal Examination or Potassium Hydroxide
(KOH) Preparation 171
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
43 Scabies Examination 173
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
44 Tzank Smear 175
Jessica Sprague, Catherine Gupta Warner,
Kimberly Ann Chun, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
SECTION IV: Lesion-Specific
Procedures
45 Abscess 178
Venkata Anisha Guda and John C. Browning
46 Acanthosis Nigricans 181
Giselle Castillo, Andrew C. Krakowski, John C.
Browning, and Nathan S. Uebelhoer
47 Accessory Nipple 183
Samuel H. Lance and Amanda A. Gosman
48 Accessory Tragus 186
Samuel H. Lance and Amanda A. Gosman
49 Acne Comedones 188
Emmy Graber and Shari Marchbein
50 Acne Cyst 190
Emmy Graber and Shari Marchbein Contents xix
51 Acne Scarring 191
Gaurav Singh, Elyse M. Love, and
Jeremy A. Brauer
52 Acrochordons 196
Megan A. Trainor and Lucía Z. Díaz
53 Actinic Keratosis 198
Puneet Singh Jolly
54 Alopecia Areata 202
Venkata Anisha Guda, Stephen C. Senft, and
John C. Browning
55 Angiofibromas 205
Andrew C. Krakowski, Kristen M. Kelly, Nathan
S. Uebelhoer, and Girish S. Munavalli
56 Angiokeratoma 207
Ayan Kusari, Allison Han, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
57 Angioma, Spider 209
Ayan Kusari, Allison Han, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
58 Aplasia Cutis Congenita 211
Laura Huang, Angel J. Su, Alexander Choi, and
John C. Browning
59 Arthropod Bites and Stings 213
Laura Huang, Angel J. Su, Alexander Choi, and
John C. Browning
60 Basal Cell Carcinoma 216
Guilherme Canho Bittner and Nelise Ritter
Hans-Bittner
61 Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome 218
Guilherme Canho Bittner and Nelise Ritter
Hans-Bittner
62 Becker’s Nevus 221
Laura Huang, Angel J. Su, Alexander Choi, and
John C. Browning
63 Blister 223
Madeline L. Gore and Kristen P . Hook
64 Blue Rubber Bleb Syndrome 226
Shehla Admani and Joyce M. C. Teng
65 Burns 229
Deborah Moon, Shauna Higgins, and Ashley
Wysong
66 Café au Lait Macules 234
Dawn Z. Eichenfield and Lawrence F. Eichenfield
67 Calcinosis Cutis 236
Jonathan A. Dyer
68 Callus 238
Brian Z. Rayala and Howard Kashefsky
69 Chalazion 239
Austin Carter Smith and John C. Browning
70 Circumcision Adhesions 243
Austin Carter Smith and John C. Browning
71 Condyloma Acuminatum 246
Kevin Y arbrough
72 Cutaneous Larva Migrans
(Creeping Eruption) 249
Caroline Stovall and Craig N. Burkhart
73 Depigmentation 251
Nisrine Kawa, Julia Roma May, Morgan Albert,
and Thanh-Nga T. Tran
74 Dermal Melanocytosis
(Mongolian Spot) 257
Dawn Z. Eichenfield and Lawrence F. Eichenfield
75 Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans 259
Guilherme Canho Bittner and Nelise Ritter
Hans-Bittner
76 Dermoid Cysts 261
John C. Browning and Folawiyo Babalola
77 Epidermal Inclusion Cysts
and Pilar Cysts 264
Austin Carter Smith and John C. Browning
78 Epidermal Nevi 267
Allison Zarbo and Marla N. Jahnke
79 Epidermolysis Bullosa 271
Madeline L. Gore and Kristen P . Hook
80 Epstein’s Pearl 275
Emily M. Becker and Jessica Parappuram
81 Fibroma (Subungal or Periungal) 276
Mimi R. Borrelli, Ruth Tevlin, and H. Peter Lorenz
82 Deep Fungal Infection 278
Talia Noorily, Joan Fernandez, Christopher Rizk,
Renata S. Maricevich, and Audrey Chan
83 Granuloma Annulare 281
Jennifer Ornelas and Smita Awasthi
84 Infantile Hemangioma 283
Ayan Kusari, Allison Han, and Sheila Fallon
Friedlander
85 Hematoma 286
Mimi R. Borrelli, Ruth Tevlin, and H. Peter Lorenz
86 Hidradenitis Suppurativa
(Acne Inversa) 289
Christopher J. Sayed and Karina M. Paci
87 Hyperhidrosis 292
Jane Sanders Belletxx Contents
88 Hyperpigmentation 294
Nicholas Ryan Lowe, Nisma Mujahid, Tara L.
Rosenberg, Denise W . Metry, and Audrey Chan
89 Hypertrichosis 298
Deborah Moon, Shauna Higgins, and Ashley
Wysong
90 Hypertrophic Scars and Contractures 306
James J. Contestable and Peter R. Shumaker
91 Hypopigmentation 312
Mohammed D. Saleem and Jennifer J. Schoch
92 Onychocryptosis (Ingrown Nail) 313
Jane Sanders Bellet
93 Juvenile Xanthogranuloma 318
Jennifer Ornelas and Smita Awasthi
94 Keratosis Pilaris 320
Manisha Notay, Jennifer Ornelas, and
Smita Awasthi
95 Labial Adhesion 323
John C. Browning and Giselle Castillo
96 Laceration Repair 325
Samuel H. Lance and Amanda A. Gosman
97 Lichen Planus 327
Alexandra Zeitany and Craig N. Burkhart
98 Lipoma 330
Mimi R. Borrelli, Ruth Tevlin, and H. Peter Lorenz
99 Lymphatic Malformations 332
Shehla Admani and Joyce M. C. Teng
100 Mastocytoma 334
Allison Truong, Latanya T. Benjamin,
Carol E. Cheng, and Marcia Hogeling
101 Median Raphe Cyst 337
Paul A. Mittermiller, Clifford C. Sheckter, and
H. Peter Lorenz
102 Melanoma 338
Mimi R. Borrelli, Ruth Tevlin, and H. Peter Lorenz
103 Milium 340
Allison Truong, Latanya T. Benjamin, Carol E.
Cheng, and Marcia Hogeling
104 Miliaria 342
Allison Truong, Latanya T. Benjamin, Carol E.
Cheng, and Marcia Hogeling
105 Molluscum Contagiosum 344
Allison Truong, Latanya T. Benjamin, Carol E.
Cheng, and Marcia Hogeling
106 Mycosis Fungoides 347
Laura Huang and Andrew C. Krakowski
107 Myiasis 351
Jamie R. Manning and Diana H. Lee
108 Neurofibromas 354
Laura Huang
109 Nevi 356
Shauna Higgins, Deborah Moon, and Ashley
Wysong
110 Nevus of Ota and Nevus of Ito 362
Dawn Z. Eichenfield and Lawrence F. Eichenfield
111 Nevus Sebaceous 365
Samuel H. Lance and Amanda A. Gosman
112 Nevus Simplex 368
Molly J. Y oussef and Megha M. Tollefson
113 Pigmentary Mosaicism 369
Nisrine Kawa, Garuna Kositratna, and Thanh-Nga
T. Tran
114 Pilomatricoma (Pilomatrixoma) 374
Ashley M. Rosa and Lucía Z. Díaz
115 Port-Wine Birthmarks 377
Hao Feng and Roy G. Geronemus
116 Psoriasis 379
Kevin Y arbrough and Andrew C. Krakowski
117 Pyogenic Granuloma 383
Molly J. Y oussef and Megha M. Tollefson
118 Perianal Pyramidal Protrusions 385
Kathryn S. Hinchee-Rodriguez
119 Rosacea 387
Krystal M. Jones and Lucía Z. Díaz
120 Scabies 389
Craig N. Burkhart
121 Solitary Fibrous Hamartoma
of Infancy 392
Paul A. Mittermiller, Danielle H. Rochlin, and
H. Peter Lorenz
122 Squamous Cell Carcinoma 393
Guilherme Canho Bittner and Nelise Ritter
Hans-Bittner
123 Supernumerary Digits 396
Samuel H. Lance and Amanda A. Gosman
124 Tattoo Removal 398
Richard L. Lin, Alexa Beth Steuer, Wesley Andrews
Duerson, Sarah Azarchi, and Jeremy A. Brauer
125 Telangiectasia 400
Brent C. Martin and Christopher B. Zachary
126 Umbilical Granuloma 403
Venkata Anisha Guda and John C. Browning Contents xxi
127 Venous Malformations 405
Shehla Admani and Joyce M. C. Teng
128 Human Papillomavirus Wart (Verruca) 408
Jennifer Ornelas and Smita Awasthi
129 Vitiligo 414
Part I: Overview and Phototherapy and
Excimer Laser Procedures 414
Sheena Nguyen, John E. Harris, and Deepti Gupta
Part II: Surgical Transplantation 417
Maggi Ahmed, Dori Goldberg, and
Bassel H. Mahmoud
130 Xeroderma Pigmentosum 420
Nelise Ritter Hans-Bittner, Luciana Paula
Samorano, Maria Cecília Rivitti Machado, Zilda
Najjar Prado de Oliveira, and Eugênio Raul de
Almeida Pimentel
SECTION V: Postprocedural
Approach
131 Wound Dressings 425
Kellie Badger and Harper N. Price
132 Wound Care and Optimizing
Healing 434
Harper N. Price and Kellie Badger
133 Postprocedure Antibiotics 443
George Hightower
134 Pain Management 448
Harper N. Price and Mark Popenhagen
135 Photoprotection 456
Venkata Anisha Guda and John C. Browning
136 Surgical Complications 460
Megan E. Shelton and Lucía Z. Díaz
137 W et Wrap Therapy 468
Samantha Casselman, Judith O’Haver, and
Harper N. Price
138 Bleach Baths 472
Judith O’Haver, Samantha Casselman, and
Harper N. Price
139 Patient and Family Resources 475
Colleen H. Cotton
Appendix Common Dilutions of Triamcinolone
Acetonide (Kenalog)
Index 479
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