Introduction to Teaching and Learning in the Health Professions Australia and New Zealand Edition

Preface ix
About the Authors xii
Reviewers xiv
Acknowledgements xvi

SECTION 1 OVERVIEW OF EDUCATION IN THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS 1
CHAPTER 1 Locating Education in the Health Professions 3
Introduction 4
Education Underpinnings 5
Academic Curriculum 5
Clinical Curriculum 5
Bridging Theory and Practice 7
Clinical Competence 9
Teaching Roles for Health Professionals 10
Clinical Teaching Contexts 11
Delivering Education 14
Teaching Relationships and Models 15
Challenges in Classroom and Clinical Settings 20

SECTION 2 FOUNDATIONS FOR SUPPORTING LEARNING 27
CHAPTER 2 Learners in the Health Professions 29
Introduction 30
What We Know About Learners in the Health Professions 30
Types of Learners 30
Theories Underpinning Teaching and Learning 36
Promoting Clinical Reasoning 41
Developing from Novice to Expert 42
Student Expectations of the Practice Learning Environment 44
Stress in the Clinical Setting 44

CHAPTER 3 Situating Learning and Learning Communities 49
Introduction 50
Situated Learning: What the Literature Reveals 50
Workplace Learning and Legitimate Peripheral Participation 54
Professional Socialisation 59
Socio-Political Influences on Clinical Learning 60

SECTION 3 CREATING OPTIMAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS 69
CHAPTER 4 Preparation for Learning 71
Introduction 72
Learning Environment Preparation 73
Preparing the Academic Environment 73
Preparing the Clinical Environment 78
Self-Preparation 79
Briefing 80
Building Relationships 81
Designing an Orientation Program 85
Learner-Centred Preparation: Clinical Contracts and Portfolios 87
Negotiated Learning Agreements (Learning Contracts) 87
Learning Portfolio Development 92

CHAPTER 5 Constructing Learning 99
Introduction 100
Large Group Teaching 101
Small Group Teaching 103
Information Technologies 110
Providing and Supporting Learning Opportunities 113
Purposeful Observations 114
Active Demonstration 124
Supporting Learning through Communication 130
CHAPTER 6 Transforming Learning 137
Introduction 138
Changing and Transforming Practices 138
Content 139
Methods 147
Sequencing 155
Sociology 155

CHAPTER 7 Reflection and Reconstructing Learning 159
Introduction 160
Reflective Practice 161
Helping Learners Reflect: Strategies for Reflection 162
Feedback and Clinical Assessment 177

SECTION 4 DEVELOPING TEACHING AND LEARNING 191
CHAPTER 8 Challenging Student Situations 193
Introduction 194
Commonly Encountered Student Situations 194
Dealing with Challenging Clinical Issues 205

CHAPTER 9 Developing as a Teacher 211
Introduction 212
Roles and Responsibilities 212
Managing Time and Workload 213
Identifying and Managing the Hidden Curricula 216
Managing Complex Interpersonal Relationships 217
Reflective Practice and Self-Care 218
Professional Development 221
Using a Professional Teaching Portfolio 224
Mentoring 226

Learning Resource 1
Learning Inventory 231
Learning Resource 2
Thinking Skills Framework 233
Learning Resource 3
Lesson Plans 238
Learning Resource 4
Questioning Techniques 240
Learning Resource 5
Framework for Reflective Practice 248
Learning Resource 6
Using Evidence 252
Learning Resource 7
Teaching Evaluation 258
Learning Resource 8
Learning Environment Evaluation 260

Index 266