Introduction to Teaching and Learning in the Health Professions Australia and New Zealand Edition

Health professional roles are becoming progressively more demanding and complex. Within a context of increasing complexity of client care needs, health professionals are often required to play a greater role in teaching students, often concurrently with managing client care responsibilities. There are few practical, handy resources available to assist professionals in carrying out such educational roles.

Introduction to Teaching and Learning in Health Professions is designed to support health professionals, particularly those new to educational roles, in their teaching, and in developing their expertise. It provides an invaluable resource for a range of health professional students. Undergraduate students, who are required to demonstrate their achievement of teaching-related professional competencies prior to graduation, and postgraduate students who are undertaking education courses, will find this text extremely beneficial.

KEY FEATURES

• A clear, accessible guide to the theoretical foundations for supporting learning, applied to practical teaching contexts
• A focus on considerations in effective health professional education, such as diversity in learning styles and student groups, and complexities of teaching settings
• Effective strategies for optimising learning through the teaching cycle, from preparation to practice to evaluation
• Practical guidelines for managing real situations, many applied in the clinical field
• Useful resources that can be applied directly in teaching
• Reflective exercise that encourage learners to consider content in relation to their own teaching and learning

Preface ix
About the Authors xii
Reviewers xiv
Acknowledgements xvi

SECTION 1 OVERVIEW OF EDUCATION IN THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS 1
CHAPTER 1 Locating Education in the Health Professions 3
Introduction 4
Education Underpinnings 5
Academic Curriculum 5
Clinical Curriculum 5
Bridging Theory and Practice 7
Clinical Competence 9
Teaching Roles for Health Professionals 10
Clinical Teaching Contexts 11
Delivering Education 14
Teaching Relationships and Models 15
Challenges in Classroom and Clinical Settings 20

SECTION 2 FOUNDATIONS FOR SUPPORTING LEARNING 27
CHAPTER 2 Learners in the Health Professions 29
Introduction 30
What We Know About Learners in the Health Professions 30
Types of Learners 30
Theories Underpinning Teaching and Learning 36
Promoting Clinical Reasoning 41
Developing from Novice to Expert 42
Student Expectations of the Practice Learning Environment 44
Stress in the Clinical Setting 44

CHAPTER 3 Situating Learning and Learning Communities 49
Introduction 50
Situated Learning: What the Literature Reveals 50
Workplace Learning and Legitimate Peripheral Participation 54
Professional Socialisation 59
Socio-Political Influences on Clinical Learning 60

SECTION 3 CREATING OPTIMAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS 69
CHAPTER 4 Preparation for Learning 71
Introduction 72
Learning Environment Preparation 73
Preparing the Academic Environment 73
Preparing the Clinical Environment 78
Self-Preparation 79
Briefing 80
Building Relationships 81
Designing an Orientation Program 85
Learner-Centred Preparation: Clinical Contracts and Portfolios 87
Negotiated Learning Agreements (Learning Contracts) 87
Learning Portfolio Development 92

CHAPTER 5 Constructing Learning 99
Introduction 100
Large Group Teaching 101
Small Group Teaching 103
Information Technologies 110
Providing and Supporting Learning Opportunities 113
Purposeful Observations 114
Active Demonstration 124
Supporting Learning through Communication 130
CHAPTER 6 Transforming Learning 137
Introduction 138
Changing and Transforming Practices 138
Content 139
Methods 147
Sequencing 155
Sociology 155

CHAPTER 7 Reflection and Reconstructing Learning 159
Introduction 160
Reflective Practice 161
Helping Learners Reflect: Strategies for Reflection 162
Feedback and Clinical Assessment 177

SECTION 4 DEVELOPING TEACHING AND LEARNING 191
CHAPTER 8 Challenging Student Situations 193
Introduction 194
Commonly Encountered Student Situations 194
Dealing with Challenging Clinical Issues 205

CHAPTER 9 Developing as a Teacher 211
Introduction 212
Roles and Responsibilities 212
Managing Time and Workload 213
Identifying and Managing the Hidden Curricula 216
Managing Complex Interpersonal Relationships 217
Reflective Practice and Self-Care 218
Professional Development 221
Using a Professional Teaching Portfolio 224
Mentoring 226

Learning Resource 1
Learning Inventory 231
Learning Resource 2
Thinking Skills Framework 233
Learning Resource 3
Lesson Plans 238
Learning Resource 4
Questioning Techniques 240
Learning Resource 5
Framework for Reflective Practice 248
Learning Resource 6
Using Evidence 252
Learning Resource 7
Teaching Evaluation 258
Learning Resource 8
Learning Environment Evaluation 260

Index 266