A Practical Approach to Transesophageal Echocardiography

SECTION I: ESSENTIALS OF 2D IMAGING
1. Principles and Technology of Two-Dimensional Echocardiography ................................................................... 2
Michelle Gorgone, Andrew Maslow, and Albert C. Perrino, Jr.
2. Two-Dimensional Examination ..................................................................................................................................... 28
Joseph P . Miller
3. Left Ventricular Systolic Performance and Pathology ........................................................................................... 71
Alena Rady and Susan Garwood
4. Diagnosis of Myocardial Ischemia .............................................................................................................................. 112
Joachim M. Erb and Manfred D. Seeberger
SECTION II: ESSENTIALS OF DOPPLER ECHO
5. Doppler Technology and Technique .......................................................................................................................... 136
Albert C. Perrino, Jr.
6. Quantitative Doppler and Hemodynamics ............................................................................................................. 153
Tzong Huei Chen, Andrew Maslow, and Albert C. Perrino, Jr.
7. Echocardiographic Evaluation of Ventricular Diastolic Function .................................................................... 174
Amit Bardia and Wanda M. Popescu
SECTION III: VALVULAR DISEASE
8. Mitral Regurgitation ........................................................................................................................................................ 200
Adam M. Dryden and A. Stephane Lambert
9. Mitral Valve Stenosis ........................................................................................................................................................ 220
Megan P . Kostibas, Mary Beth Brady, and Colleen G. Koch
10. Mitral Valve Repair ............................................................................................................................................................ 238
Maurice Hogan and Jöerg Ender
11. Aortic Regurgitation ........................................................................................................................................................ 273
Praveen Mehrotra and Ira S. Cohen
12. Aortic Stenosis ................................................................................................................................................................... 292
Praveen Mehrotra and Ira S. Cohen
13. Prosthetic Valves ............................................................................................................................................................... 313
Albert T. Cheung and Worasak Keeyapaj
14. Right Ventricle, Right Atrium, Tricuspid and Pulmonic Valves .......................................................................... 345
André Y . Denault, Etienne J. Couture, Ying Tung Sia, and Georges Desjardins
SECTION IV: CLINICAL CHALLENGES
15. Transesophageal Echocardiography for Coronary Revascularization ........................................................... 382
Donna L. Greenhalgh, Henry J. Skinner, and Justiaan Swanevelder
16. Intraprocedural Echocardiographic Guidance for Transcatheter Interventions
in Aortic and Mitral Position ......................................................................................................................................... 408
Chirojit Mukherjee
17. Transesophageal Echocardiography of the Thoracic Aorta .............................................................................. 431
Michele L. Sumler and Roman M. Sniecinski
Contents18. Critical Care Echocardiography ................................................................................................................................... 449
Etienne J. Couture, Caroline E. Gebhard, Stephan Langevin, and André Y . Denault
19. Transesophageal Echocardiography for Congenital Heart Disease in the Adult ...................................... 473
Pablo Motta, Carolyn L. Taylor, and Wanda C. Miller-Hance
20. Cardiac Masses and Embolic Sources ........................................................................................................................ 527
Farid Jadbabaie
SECTION V: MAN AND MACHINE
21. 3D TEE Imaging ................................................................................................................................................................. 544
Annette Vegas
22. Common Artifacts and Pitfalls of Clinical Echocardiography ........................................................................... 564
Fabio Guarracino and Albert C. Perrino, Jr.
23. Techniques and Tricks for Optimizing Transesophageal Images ..................................................................... 583
Loren R. Francis, Eric Nelson, Alan C. Finley, and Scott T. Reeves
APPENDICES
A. Cardiac Cross Section Criteria ...................................................................................................................................... 596
B. Cardiac Dimensions ......................................................................................................................................................... 600
C. Hemodynamic Calculations .......................................................................................................................................... 601
D. Valve Prostheses ................................................................................................................................................................ 602
E. Classification of the Severity of Valvular Disease .................................................................................................. 609
F. Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions ..................................................................................................................... 613
Index ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 631
Contents xi