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Exercise Physiology for Health, Fitness, and Performance

Edition: 6
9781975179557
ISBN/ISSN:
9781975179557
Publication Date:
October 18, 2022
2022-10-18
9781975179557
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​With the new 6th Edition, this book-only version of Exercise Physiology for Health, Fitness, and Performance continues to provide an ...
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  • ​With the new 6th Edition, this book-only version of Exercise Physiology for Health, Fitness, and Performance continues to provide an authoritative resource for mastering exercise physiology. This engaging, accessible and approachable resource integrates theoretical and research-based basic exercise physiology with real-world application to prepare students for exciting positions in exercise science, fitness, physical education, athletic training, rehabilitation, coaching, and/or allied health professions.
     
    Updated throughout, the text uses sound pedagogical principles to explain scientific research that is the foundation of exercise physiology and incorporates multiple features to help students apply their knowledge to improve human health, fitness, and performance. Content in this edition is organized by independent units (Metabolic, Cardiovascular-Respiratory, Neuromuscular-Skeletal, and Neuroendocrine-Immune), offering maximum teaching flexibility for faculty and ensuring a consistent, efficient, and effective learning experience for students.
    • New Literature Search exercises reinforce the scientific basis of each discipline and boost students’ information literacy.
    • Current research incorporated throughout the text keeps students up to date with emerging topics and the latest approaches to exercise physiology.
    • Focus on Application and Focus on Research boxes strengthen students’ ability to recognize the impact of research on practice and apply basic concepts to relevant scenarios.
    • Clinically Relevant boxes familiarize students with information, situations, or case studies they may encounter during internships or professional practice. 
    • Check Your Comprehension boxes reinforce the ability to work through problems, interpret circumstances, analyze information, and deduce answers as you move through each chapter. 
    • Example boxes enhance problem-solving and calculation skills.
    • Definition boxes help students master key terminology.
    • Summaries highlight essential chapter takeaways at a glance.
    • Links to Online Resources help students make the most of their study time and ensure understanding.
  • Edition
    6
    ISBN/ISSN
    9781975179557
    Product Format
    Hardcover Book
    Pages
    840
    Series
    Lippincott Connect
    Edition
    6
    Publication Date
    October 18, 2022
    Weight
    4.8
  • Denise Smith
    Sharon Plowman
    Michael Ormsbee
  • About the A uthor s vi
    Pr ef ace viii
    User’ s Guide xi
    Ac knowledgments xv
    CHAPTER 1 The W arm-Up 1
    Introduction 2
    What Is Exercise Physiology and Why
    Study It? 3
    Overview of the T ext 3
    The Exercise Response 5
    Ex ercise Modality 6
    Ex ercise Intensity 6
    Ex ercise Dur ation 7
    Ex ercise Cate g ories 7
    Ex ercise Response P atter ns 8
    Ex ercise Response Interpr etation 9
    T raining 11
    Health-Related v er sus Sport-Specific Ph ysical F itness 11
    Dose-Response Relationships 13
    T r aining Principles 14
    P eriodization 16
    T r aining Adaptations 19
    Exercise and T raining as Stressors 21
    Sely e’ s Theor y of Str ess 21
    Selye’s Theory of Stress Applied to Exercise and
    T r aining 22
    T r aining Adaptation and Maladaptation 23
    ME T ABOLIC S Y STEM UNIT 27
    CHAPTER 2 Energy Production 28
    Introduction 28
    Adenosine T riphosphate 29
    Cellular Respiration 30
    Carbohydrate Metabolism 31
    Sta g e I: Glycolysis Ov er view 32
    Stage II: Formation of Acetyl Coenzyme A 37
    Sta g e III: Kr ebs Cycle 39
    Stage IV: Electron Transport and Oxidative
    Phosphor ylation 40
    A TP Production from Carboh ydr ate 42
    Fat Metabolism 44
    Beta-Oxidation 46
    A TP Production from F atty Acids 47
    Ketone Bodies and Ketosis 47
    Protein Metabolism 47
    T r ansamination and Oxidativ e Deamination 48
    A TP Production from Amino Acids 48
    The Regulation of Cellular Respiration and ATP
    Production 49
    Intracellular Regulation 49
    Extr acellular Re gulation 49
    Fuel Utilization at Rest and during Exercise 52
    CHAPTER 3 Anaerobic Metabolism during
    Exercise 59
    Introduction 60
    The Energy Continuum 60
    Anaerobic Energy Production 63
    Alactic Anaerobic PC Production 63
    Lactic Acid/Lactate Production 63
    Measurement of Anaerobic Metabolism 69
    Labor ator y Procedur es 96
    F ield T ests 73
    The Anaerobic Exercise Response 73
    Oxygen Deficit and Excess Postexercise Oxygen
    Consumption 73
    A TP-PC Chang es 76
    Lactate Chang es 76
    Benefits of Lactate 82
    Why Is Lactate Accumulation a Problem? 83
    Time Frame for Lactate Removal Postexercise 84
    Male versus Female Anaerobic Exercise
    Characteristics 86
    The A v ailability and Utilization of A TP-PC 86
    The Accumulation of Lactate 86
    Mec hanical P ow er and Capacity 87
    Anaerobic Exercise Characteristics of
    Children 87
    The A v ailability and Utilization of A TP-PC 88
    The Accumulation of Lactate 88
    The Lactate Thr eshold(s) 88
    Mec hanical P ow er and Capacity 88
    Mec hanisms 89
    Anaerobic Exercise Characteristics of Older
    Adults 90
    The A v ailability and Utilization of A TP-PC 91
    The Accumulation of Lactate 91
    Lactate Thr eshold(s) 91
    Mec hanical P ow er and Capacity 92
    C on ten ts CHAPTER 4 Aerobic Metabolism during
    Exercise 102
    Introduction 103
    Laboratory Measurement of Aerobic Metabolism 103
    Calorimetry 103
    Spirometry 103
    Aerobic Exercise Responses 104
    Oxygen Consumption and Carbon Dioxide
    Production 104
    The Oxygen Cost of Breathing 111
    Respiratory Quotient/Respiratory Exchange
    Ratio 112
    Estimation of Caloric Expenditure 114
    The Metabolic Equivalent 116
    Field Estimates of Energy Expenditure during
    Exercise 118
    Metabolic Calculations Based on Mechanical Work or
    Standard Energy Use 118
    Motion Sensors and Accelerometers 120
    Activity Recalls and Questionnaires 121
    Efficiency and Economy 122
    Efficiency 122
    Economy of Walking and Running 125
    CHAPTER 5 Metabolic Training Principles and
    Adaptations 139
    Introduction 139
    Application of the Training Principles for Metabolic
    Enhancement 139
    Specificity 140
    Overload 140
    Rest/Recovery/Adaptation 144
    Progression 144
    Individualization 145
    Maintenance 145
    Retrogression/Plateau/Reversibility 146
    Warm-Up and Cooldown 146
    Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise T raining 147
    Substrate or Fuel Supply 147
    Enzyme Activity 150
    Oxygen Utilization (7) 152
    ATP Production, Storage, and Turnover 156
    The Influence of Age and Sex on Metabolic Training
    Adaptations 158
    Adaptations in Children and Adolescents 158
    Male-Female Differences in Adaptations 158
    Adaptations in Older Adults 158
    CHAPTER 6 Nutrition for Fitness and
    Athletics 168
    Introduction 169
    Nutrition for T raining 169
    Kilocalories 171
    Carbohydrates (CHO) 174
    Protein 181
    Fat 187
    Vitamins 188
    Minerals 189
    Nutrition for Competition 191
    Carbohydrate Loading (Glycogen
    Supercompensation) 191
    Pre-Event Meal 192
    Feeding during Exercise 194
    Fluid Ingestion during and after Exercise 195
    Nutrient Timing 195
    Eating Disorders 196
    Definitions and Diagnostic Criteria 196
    Risk Factors 198
    The Consequences of Eating Disorders 199
    Prevention and Treatment 200
    CHAPTER 7 Body Composition: Determination
    and Importance 212
    Introduction 213
    Body Composition Assessment 215
    Laboratory T echniques 215
    Field Tests of Body Composition 221
    Overweight and Obesity 229
    What Happens to Adipose Cells in Obesity? The
    Cellular Basis of Obesity 230
    Fat Distribution Patterns 232
    Health Risks of Overweight and
    Obesity 235
    CHAPTER 8 Body Composition and Weight
    Control 249
    Introduction 250
    The Caloric Balance Equation 250
    Food Ingested 251
    Resting or Basal Metabolism 254
    Thermogenesis 258
    Exercise/Activity Energy Expenditure 261
    The Effects of Diet, Exercise Training, and Diet
    Plus Exercise Training on Body Composition and
    Weight 262
    The Effects of Diet on Body Composition and
    Weight 263
    The Effects of Exercise Training on Body Composition
    and Weight 264
    The Effects of Diet Plus Exercise Training on Body
    Composition and Weight 270
    The Effects of Diet, Exercise Training, and
    Diet Plus Exercise Training on Abdominal
    Obesity 270
    Application of the Training Principles for Weight
    and Body Composition Loss and/or
    Control 272
    Specificity 272
    Overload 275
    Rest/Recovery/Adaptation 276
    Progression 276
    Individualization 276Retrogression/Plateau/Reversibility 277
    Maintenance 277
    Weight Cycling 277
    Making Weight for Sport 283
    CARDIOVASCULAR-RESPIRATORY SYSTEM UNIT 295
    CHAPTER 9 Respiration 296
    Introduction 297
    Structure of the Pulmonary System 297
    The Conductive Zone 297
    The Respiratory Zone 299
    Mechanics of Breathing 299
    Respiratory Circulation 301
    Minute Ventilation/Alveolar Ventilation 301
    Major Pulmonary Ventilation V ariables 303
    Measurement of Lung Volumes 304
    Static Lung Volumes 304
    Dynamic Lung Volumes 305
    Spirometry 305
    Gas Dilution 305
    Standardization 305
    Partial Pressure of a Gas: Dalton’s Law 307
    Regulation of Pulmonary Ventilation 309
    The Respiratory Centers 309
    Anatomical Sensors and Factors Affecting Control of
    Pulmonary Ventilation 310
    Gas Exchange and Transport 312
    Gas Exchange: Henry’s Law 312
    External Respiration 313
    Major External Respiration Variables 315
    Internal Respiration 315
    Major Internal Respiration Variables 315
    Oxygen Transport 315
    Carbon Dioxide Transport 319
    The Respiratory System and Acid-Base
    Balance 319
    CHAPTER 10 Respiratory Exercise Response,
    Training Adaptations, and Special
    Considerations 324
    Introduction 325
    Response of the Respiratory System to
    Exercise 326
    Short-Term, Light to Moderate Submaximal Aerobic
    Exercise 326
    Long-Term, Moderate to Heavy Submaximal Aerobic
    Exercise 330
    Incremental Aerobic Exercise to Maximum 330
    Static Exercise 334
    Locomotor-Respiratory Coupling (Entrainment)
    during Exercise 334
    Respiratory Limitations to Exercise 336
    Exercise-Induced Arterial Hypoxemia 336
    Respiratory Muscle Fatigue 337
    Excessive Fluctuations in Intrathoracic
    Pressures 337
    The Influence of Sex and Age on Respiration at Rest
    and during Exercise 337
    Male-Female Respiratory Differences 337
    Children and Adolescents 339
    Older Adults 341
    Respiratory Muscle Training Principles and
    Adaptations 344
    Controlled-Frequency Breathing Training 345
    Whole Body Respiratory Training Principles and
    Adaptations 345
    Lung Volumes and Capacities 345
    Pulmonary Ventilation 346
    External and Internal Respiration 346
    Why Are There So Few Respiratory Adaptations to
    Whole Body Exercise Training? 347
    Special Considerations 348
    Altitude 348
    Physical Activity and Pollution 353
    CHAPTER 11 The Cardiovascular System 365
    Introduction 366
    Overview of the Cardiovascular System 366
    The Heart 366
    The V ascular System 377
    Blood 381
    Cardiovascular Dynamics 384
    Cardiac Output (Q
    .
    ) 384
    Mean Arterial Pressure 384
    Total Peripheral Resistance 384
    Principles of Blood Flow 385
    Regulation of the Cardiovascular System 386
    Neural Control 386
    Anatomical Sensors and Factors Affecting Control of
    the Cardiovascular System 386
    Neurohormonal Control 387
    Measurement of Cardiovascular Variables 388
    Cardiac Output 388
    Stroke Volume 388
    Heart Rate 390
    Maximal Oxygen Consumption 390
    Blood Pressure 393
    CHAPTER 12 Cardiovascular Responses to
    Exercise 396
    Introduction 397
    Cardiovascular Responses to Aerobic Exercise 397
    Short-Term, Light to Moderate Submaximal Aerobic
    Exercise 397
    Long-Term, Moderate to Heavy Submaximal Aerobic
    Exercise 400
    Incremental Aerobic Exercise to Maximum 403
    High-Intensity Interval Exercise 410
    Upper-Body versus Lower-Body Aerobic
    Exercise 410Cardiovascular Responses to Static
    Exercise 413
    Intensity of Muscle Contraction 413
    Blood Flow during Static Contractions 415
    Comparison of Aerobic and Static Exercise 415
    Cardiovascular Responses to Dynamic Resistance
    Exercise 415
    Varying Load/Constant Repetitions 416
    Varying Load/Repetitions to Failure 416
    Constant Load/Repetitions to Failure 417
    Male-female Cardiovascular Differences during
    Exercise 418
    Short-Term, Light to Moderate and Long-Term,
    Moderate to Heavy Submaximal
    Exercise 418
    Incremental Aerobic Exercise to Maximum 419
    Static Exercise 420
    Cardiovascular Responses of Children and
    Adolescents to Exercise 421
    Short-Term, Light to Moderate and Long-Term,
    Moderate to Heavy Submaximal Exercise 421
    Incremental Aerobic Exercise to Maximum 422
    Static Exercise 423
    Cardiovascular Responses of Older Adults to
    Exercise 424
    Short-Term, Light to Moderate and Long-Term,
    Moderate to Heavy Submaximal
    Exercise 424
    Incremental Aerobic Exercise to Maximum 424
    Static Exercise 425
    CHAPTER 13 Cardiorespiratory Training
    Principles and Adaptations 431
    Introduction 432
    Application of the Training Principles to Improve
    Cardiorespiratory Fitness 433
    Specificity 433
    Overload 434
    Individualization 443
    Rest/Recovery/Adaptation 443
    Progression 443
    Maintenance 444
    Retrogression/Plateau/Reversibility 445
    Warm-Up and Cooldown 445
    Training Principles and Physical Activity
    Recommendations 445
    Cardiovascular Adaptations to Aerobic Endurance
    Training 447
    Cardiac Structure (1) 448
    Cardiac Function (2) 448
    Vascular Structure (3) 451
    Vascular Function (4) 452
    Hemodynamics (5) 452
    Blood Volume (6) 452
    Clot Formation and Breakdown (7) 453
    Cardiovascular Adaptations to HIIT 453
    Cardiac Structure and Function 454
    Maximal Oxygen Consumption 454
    Vascular Function 454
    Cardiovascular Adaptations to Dynamic Resistance
    Training 454
    Cardiac Structure 454
    Stroke Volume and Heart Rate 454
    Blood Pressure 455
    Maximal Oxygen Consumption 456
    The Influence of Age and Sex on Cardiovascular
    T raining Adaptations 457
    Male-Female Differences in Adaptations 457
    Adaptations in Children and Adolescents 457
    Adaptations in Older Adults 458
    CHAPTER 14 Thermoregulation 467
    Introduction 468
    Measurement of Environmental Conditions 468
    Measurement of Body T emperature 469
    Thermal Balance 470
    Heat Exchange 472
    Thermoregulation 473
    Normal Body T emperature 473
    Behavioral and Physiological Thermoregulation 473
    Exercise in the Heat 475
    Body Temperature during Exercise
    in the Heat 475
    Heat Exchange during Exercise 476
    Cardiovascular Demands of Exercise in the
    Heat 477
    Factors Affecting Cardiovascular Response to Exercise
    in the Heat 479
    Fluid Ingestion during and after Exercise 482
    Type of Fluid Ingested 482
    Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia (EAH) 484
    Influence of Sex and Age on the Exercise Response
    in Heat 484
    Male-Female Differences in Exercise Response in
    Heat 484
    Exercise Response of Children and Adolescents in the
    Heat 485
    Exercise Response of Older Adults in the Heat 486
    Heat Illness 487
    Minor Exertional Heat Illness 487
    Serious Exertional Heat Illnesses 488
    Prevention of Exertional Heat Illness 489
    Exercise in the Cold 490
    Cold-Induced Injuries 491
    Prevention of Cold-Induced Injuries 491
    Influence of Sex and Age on Cold Tolerance 491
    CHAPTER 15 Cardiovascular Disease Risk
    Factors and Physical
    Activity 497
    Introduction 498
    Progression of Coronary Heart Disease 499Describing Cardiovascular Health and
    Disease 500
    Cardiovascular Disease 500
    Ideal Cardiovascular Health 501
    Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors 502
    Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cardiovascular
    Mortality 502
    Exercise Training and Modifiable Cardiovascular
    Disease Risk Factors 504
    Cholesterol-Lipid Fractions 504
    Cigarette Smoking 507
    Prediabetes and Diabetes Mellitus 508
    Hypertension 511
    Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome 512
    Physical Inactivity 514
    Contributing and Selected Nontraditional Risk
    Factors 517
    Children and the Cardiovascular Risk
    Factors 517
    Cholesterol-Lipid Fractions 519
    Cigarette Smoking 519
    Diabetes Mellitus 520
    Hypertension 521
    Overweight and Obesity 521
    Physical Inactivity 523
    NEUROMUSCULAR-SKELETAL SYSTEM UNIT 531
    CHAPTER 16 Skeletal System 532
    Introduction 533
    Skeletal Tissue 533
    Functions 533
    Regulation of Blood Calcium 534
    Levels of Organization 534
    Bone Development 535
    Measurement of Bone Health 537
    Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry 538
    Quantitative Computed T omography 540
    Field T ests 540
    Bone Loading Questionnaire to Assess Bone
    Health 540
    Factors Influencing Bone Health 541
    Age-Related Changes in Bone 541
    Male-Female Differences in Bone Mineral
    Density 541
    Development of Peak Bone Mass 541
    Exercise Response 542
    Application of the Training Principles 543
    Specificity 544
    Overload 545
    Rest/Recovery/Adaptation 546
    Individualization 547
    Retrogression/Plateau/Reversibility 547
    Maintenance 547
    Warm-Up and Cooldown 547
    Skeletal Adaptations to Exercise T raining 547
    Special Applications to Health and Fitness 550
    Osteoporosis 550
    The Female Athlete Triad: A Portion of the Relative
    Energy Deficiency in Sport Syndrome 551
    Skeletal Injuries 554
    CHAPTER 17 Skeletal Muscle System 563
    Introduction 564
    Overview of Muscle Tissue 564
    Functions of Skeletal Muscle 564
    Characteristics of Muscle Tissue 564
    Macroscopic Structure of Skeletal Muscles 564
    Organization and Connective Tissue 565
    Architectural Organization 566
    Microscopic Structure of a Muscle Fiber 567
    Muscle Fibers 567
    Molecular Structure of the Myofilaments 570
    Thick Filaments 570
    Thin Filaments 570
    Contraction of a Muscle Fiber 573
    The Sliding Filament Theory of Muscle
    Contraction 573
    Excitation-Contraction Coupling 574
    Structural Muscle Proteins 577
    All-or-None Principle 579
    Muscle Fiber T ypes 579
    Contractile (Twitch) Properties 579
    Metabolic Properties 580
    Integrated Nomenclature 580
    Assessment of Muscle Fiber Type 582
    Distribution of Fiber Types 584
    Fiber Type in Athletes 584
    CHAPTER 18 Muscular Contraction and
    Movement 590
    Introduction: Exercise—the Result of Muscle
    Contraction 591
    Muscular Force Production 591
    Tension versus Load 591
    Classification of Muscle Contractions 591
    Force Development 593
    Muscular Fatigue and Soreness 599
    Muscular Fatigue 599
    Type of Activity and Muscle Fatigue 602
    Muscle Soreness 604
    Measurement of Muscular Function 608
    Laboratory Methods 609
    Laboratory and Field Methods 610
    Field T ests 611
    The Influence of Age and Sex on Muscle
    Function 611
    Male-Female Differences 611
    Children and Adolescents 613
    Older Adults 615CHAPTER 19 Muscular Training Principles and
    Adaptations 622
    Introduction 623
    Overview of Resistance Training 623
    Application of the Training Principles 623
    Specificity 623
    Overload 624
    Rest/Recovery/Adaptation 627
    Progression 628
    Individualization 629
    Maintenance 630
    Retrogression/Plateau/Reversibility 630
    Warm-Up and Cooldown 630
    The Application of Training Principles to
    Bodybuilding 631
    Neuromuscular Adaptations to Resistance
    Training 631
    Muscle Function 631
    Muscle Size and Structure 632
    Neural Adaptations 633
    Metabolic Adaptations 634
    Hormonal Adaptations 634
    Male-Female Resistance T raining Adaptation
    Comparisons 634
    Resistance Training Adaptations in Children and
    Adolescents 635
    Resistance T raining Adaptations in Older
    Adults 636
    Muscular Adaptations to Aerobic Endurance T raining
    Programs 637
    Muscular Adaptations to Concurrent T raining 637
    Special Application: Muscular Strength/Endurance
    and Health 638
    Special Application: Muscular Strength and
    Endurance and Low Back Health 640
    CHAPTER 20 Neuromuscular Aspects of
    Movement 648
    Introduction 649
    The Nervous System 649
    The Basic Structure of the Nervous System 649
    Activation of the Nervous System 650
    The Nerve Cell 650
    The Neural Impulse 651
    Neural Control of Muscle Contraction 652
    Nerve Supply 652
    The Neuromuscular Junction 653
    Reflex Control of Movement 654
    Spinal Cord 655
    Components of a Reflex Arc 655
    Proprioceptors and Related Reflexes 656
    Volitional Control of Movement 663
    Volitional Control of Individual Motor Units 663
    Volitional Control of Muscle Movement 663
    Flexibility 664
    Measuring Flexibility 665
    The Influence of Sex and Age on Flexibility 666
    Flexibility and Low Back Pain 668
    Stretching Techniques to Improve Flexibility 668
    Acute Physiological Response to Stretching 671
    Range of Motion 671
    Performance 671
    Health 673
    Injury Prevention 674
    Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness 674
    Application of the Training Principles to Flexibility
    Training 675
    Specificity 675
    Overload 675
    Rest/Recovery/Adaptation and Progression 676
    Individualization 676
    Maintenance 676
    Retrogression/Plateau/Reversibility 676
    Warm-Up and Cooldown 676
    Adaptation to Flexibility Training 676
    Improved Range of Motion 676
    Health 677
    Injury Prevention 677
    Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness 678
    Balance 678
    Measurements of Balance 679
    The Influence of Sex and Age on Balance 680
    Acute Physiological Responses to Balance
    Exercises 681
    Application of the Training Principles to
    Balance 681
    Specificity 681
    Overload 682
    Rest/Recovery/Adaptation 682
    Progression 682
    Individualization 682
    Maintenance 682
    Retrogression/Plateau/Reversibility 682
    Warm-Up and Cooldown 682
    Adaptation to Balance Training 682
    NEUROENDOCRINE-IMMUNE SYSTEM UNIT 689
    CHAPTER 21 Neuroendocrine Control of
    Exercise 690
    Introduction 691
    Exercise as a Stressor That Activates the Neural and
    Hormonal Systems 691
    The Nervous System 694
    The Autonomic Nervous System 694
    Neural Communication and Responses 694
    Assessing Autonomic Nervous System Activity 696
    Autonomic Nervous System Control during
    Exercise 698The Endocrine System 700
    The Basic Structure of the Endocrine System 700
    Hormonal Communication and Responses 702
    Role of the Endocrine System in Exercise 704
    Hormonal Regulation of Metabolism 704
    Hormonal Regulation of Cardiovascular
    Function 705
    Hormonal Involvement in Muscle, Bone, and Adipose
    Tissue 706
    Hormonal Responses to Exercise 708
    Metabolic and Cardiovascular Hormones 708
    Fluid Balance Hormones 710
    Metabolic Hormones 710
    Hormones Related to Muscle, Bone, and Adipose
    Tissue 714
    Hormonal Adaptations to T raining 716
    Adaptations Related to Metabolic Function 716
    Adaptations Related to Cardiovascular Function 716
    Adaptations Related to Muscle, Bone, and Adipose
    Tissue 716
    Hormonal Adaptations to Resistance Training 717
    CHAPTER 22 The Immune System, Exercise,
    Training, and Illness 724
    Introduction 725
    The Immune System 725
    Structure and Function of the Immune System 725
    Functional Organization of the Immune System 728
    Exercise Immunology 732
    The Immune Response to Exercise 732
    Medium-Duration (< 45 Minutes), Moderate- to
    High-Intensity Aerobic Exercise 734
    Prolonged (1–3 Hours) Moderate- to High-Intensity
    Aerobic Exercise 735
    Intense Interval Exercise 736
    Cytokine Response to Exercise 737
    Skeletal Muscle as an Endocrine Tissue That Releases
    Regulatory Cytokines (Myokines) 737
    Neuroendocrine Control of Immune Response to
    Exercise 738
    Training Adaptation and Maladaptation 739
    Hypothesized Causes and Mechanisms of Overtraining
    Syndrome (OTS) 741
    Markers and Monitoring of Training to Predict
    Overtraining Syndrome (OTS) 744
    Prevention and Treatment of Overtraining Syndrome
    (OTS) 746
    Selected Interactions of Exercise and Immune
    Function 749
    Exercise, the Immune System, and Upper Respiratory
    Tract Infection 749
    Exercise, the Immune System, and Cancer 752
    Exercise, the Immune System, and AIDS 755
    APPENDIX A Units of Measure, the Metric
    System, and Conversions between
    the English and Metric Systems of
    Measurement 763
    APPENDIX B Metabolic Calculations 765
    APPENDIX C Answers to Check Your
    Comprehension 777
    Glossary 789
    Index 797
    • New Literature Search exercises reinforce the scientific basis of each discipline and boost students’ information literacy.
    • Current research incorporated throughout the text keeps students up to date with emerging topics and the latest approaches to exercise physiology.
    • Focus on Application and Focus on Research boxes strengthen students’ ability to recognize the impact of research on practice and apply basic concepts to relevant scenarios.
    • Clinically Relevant boxes familiarize students with information, situations, or case studies they may encounter during internships or professional practice. 
    • Check Your Comprehension boxes reinforce the ability to work through problems, interpret circumstances, analyze information, and deduce answers as you move through each chapter. 
    • Example boxes enhance problem-solving and calculation skills.
    • Definition boxes help students master key terminology.
    • Summaries highlight essential chapter takeaways at a glance.
    • Links to Online Resources help students make the most of their study time and ensure understanding.
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Exercise Physiology for Health, Fitness, and Performance

Exercise Physiology for Health, Fitness, and Performance

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$12.95

$14.95

$18.95

$22.95

$32.95

$36.95