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BRS Behavioral Science

Edition: 8
9781975188856
ISBN/ISSN:
9781975188856
Publication Date:
October 8, 2021
2021-10-8
9781975188856
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Offering current coverage of behavioral science, psychiatry, epidemiology, and related topics, BRS Behavioral Science, Eighth Edition, prepares students to rapidly ...
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  • Offering current coverage of behavioral science, psychiatry, epidemiology, and related topics, BRS Behavioral Science, Eighth Edition, prepares students to rapidly recall key information on the mind-body relationship and confidently apply that knowledge on exams and in practice. The popular BRS format presents essential information in a succinct, streamlined approach preferred by today’s busy students, accompanied by hundreds of USMLE-style review questions with detailed answers and explanations to help strengthen students’ exam readiness.
     
    This updated edition equips students with the latest clinical findings and perspectives in areas they’ll likely encounter on their exams, including up-to-date information on newly FDA-approved psychopharmacology agents, implications of the Affordable Care Act and other healthcare legislation, current neuroimaging techniques, newly identified substances of abuse, and contemporary examples of vital statistics such as birth rate, infant mortality rate, and more.
     
    • Updated content details the latest developments in psychopharmacology, United States healthcare legislation, biological assessment of patients with psychiatric symptoms, and substance-related disorders to ready students for commonly tested topics.   
    • Convenient outline format makes exam preparation easy and efficient.
    • Chapters reflect the full range of behavioral science—from growth and development through assessment, specific disorders, therapies, legal and ethical issues—and conform to the latest psychiatric classification system, DSM-5.
    • Chapter-opening Typical Board Questions (TBQs) provide clinical context and familiarize students with how subjects are tested on the USMLE.
    • More than 600 multiple-choice, USMLE-style questions—including many new and updated questions—bolster students’ test-taking confidence and reinforce understanding with detailed explanations. 
    • End-of-book Comprehensive Exam with answers and detailed explanations also now includes cross-references back to the text for remediation.
    • Bolded key terms simplify students’ review of essential behavioral science terminology. 
    • 80 tables summarize essential information for quick access and efficient review.
  • Edition
    8
    ISBN/ISSN
    9781975188856
    Product Format
    Paperback Book
    Trim Size
    7 x 10
    Pages
    384
    Series
    Board Review Series
    Edition
    8
    Publication Date
    October 8, 2021
    Weight
    1.7
  • Barbara Fadem PhD
  • Reviewers vi
    Preface vii
    Acknowledgments viii
    1. THE BEGINNING OF LIFE: PREGNANCY THROUGH
    PRESCHOOL 1
    I. Childbirth and the Postpartum Period 1
    II. Infancy: Birth to 15 Months 3
    III. The Toddler Years: 15 Months to 2½ Years 5
    IV. The Preschool Child: 3–6 Years 6
    Review Test 8
    2. SCHOOL AGE, ADOLESCENCE, SPECIAL ISSUES
    OF DEVELOPMENT, AND ADULTHOOD 14
    I. School Age: 7–11 Years 14
    II. Adolescence: 11–20 Years 15
    III. Special Issues in Child Development 17
    IV. Early Adulthood: 20–40 Years 17
    V. Middle Adulthood: 40–65 Years 18
    Review Test 19
    3. AGING, DEATH, AND BEREAVEMENT 24
    I. Aging 24
    II. Stages of Dying and Death 26
    III. Bereavement (Typical Grief) Versus Complicated
    Bereavement (Depression) 26
    Review Test 28
    Contents4. GENETICS, ANATOMY, AND BIOCHEMISTRY
    OF BEHAVIOR 32
    I. The Genetics of Behavior 32
    II. The Neuroanatomy of Behavior 33
    III. Neurotransmission 35
    IV. Biogenic Amines 36
    V. Amino Acid Neurotransmitters 39
    VI. Neuropeptides 39
    Review Test 40
    5. BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS
    WITH PSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS 46
    I. Overview 46
    II. Measurement of Biogenic Amines and Psychotropic Drugs 46
    III. Evaluating Endocrine Function 47
    IV. Neuroimaging and Electroencephalogram Studies 47
    V. Neuropsychological Tests 47
    VI. Other Tests 48
    Review Test 50
    6. PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY AND DEFENSE
    MECHANISMS 54
    I. Overview 54
    II. Freud Theories of the Mind 54
    III. Defense Mechanisms 55
    IV. Transference Reactions 57
    Review Test 58
    7. LEARNING THEORY 62
    I. Overview 62
    II. Habituation and Sensitization 62
    III. Classical Conditioning 63
    IV. Operant Conditioning 63
    Review Test 66
    8. CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS
    WITH BEHAVIORAL SYMPTOMS 71
    I. Overview of Psychological Testing 71
    II. Intelligence Tests 71
    III. Achievement Tests 72
    IV. Personality Tests 739. SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS 79
    I. Substance-related Disorders: Epidemiology,
    Demographics, and Terminology 79
    II. Stimulants 80
    III. Sedatives 81
    IV. Opioids 83
    V. Hallucinogens and Related Agents 84
    VI. Clinical Features of Substance-related Disorders 85
    VII. Management 86
    Review Test 87
    10. TYPICAL SLEEP AND SLEEP–WAKE DISORDERS 93
    I. Typical Awake and Sleep States 93
    II. Classification of Sleep–Wake Disorders 95
    III. Insomnia Disorder 96
    IV. Breathing-related Sleep Disorder (Sleep Apnea) 97
    V. Narcolepsy 97
    VI. Management of Sleep–Wake Disorders 98
    Review Test 99
    11. SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM AND OTHER PSYCHOTIC
    DISORDERS 106
    I. Schizophrenia 106
    II. Other Psychotic Disorders 109
    Review Test 111
    12. DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS AND BIPOLAR
    AND RELATED DISORDERS 116
    I. Overview 116
    II. Classification of Depressive and Bipolar Disorders 117
    III. Etiology 120
    IV. Management 120
    Review Test 122
    13. ANXIETY DISORDERS, OBSESSIVE–COMPULSIVE
    AND RELATED DISORDERS, SOMATIC SYMPTOM
    DISORDERS, AND TRAUMA AND STRESSOR-RELATED
    DISORDERS 127
    I. Anxiety Disorders 127
    II. Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders 130
    III. Factitious Disorder, Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another, and 14. NEUROCOGNITIVE, PERSONALITY, DISSOCIATIVE,
    AND EATING DISORDERS 139
    I. Neurocognitive Disorders 139
    II. Personality Disorders 143
    III. Dissociative Disorders 144
    IV. Obesity and Eating Disorders 145
    Review Test 148
    15. PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS IN CHILDREN 155
    I. Autism Spectrum and Related Disorders 155
    II. Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Oppositional
    Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder 156
    III. Other Disorders of Childhood 157
    Review Test 159
    16. BIOLOGIC THERAPIES: PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 164
    I. Overview 164
    II. Antipsychotic Agents 164
    III. Antidepressant Agents 166
    IV. Mood Stabilizers 170
    V. Antianxiety Agents 170
    VI. Psychoactive Medications in Pregnancy 172
    VII. Electroconvulsive Therapy and Related Therapies 173
    Review Test 174
    17. PSYCHOLOGICAL THERAPIES 182
    I. Psychoanalysis and Related Therapies 182
    II. Behavioral Therapies 183
    III. Other Therapies 184
    Review Test 186
    18. THE FAMILY, CULTURE, AND ILLNESS 190
    I. Overview of the Family 190
    II. Demographics and Current Trends 190
    III. Culture in the United States 191
    IV. American Subcultures 193
    Review Test 19519. SEXUALITY 200
    I. Sexual Development 200
    II. The Biology of Sexuality in Adults 201
    III. Sexual Dysfunction 202
    IV. Paraphilias and Paraphilic Disorders 204
    V. Illness, Injury, and Sexuality 205
    VI. Aging and Sexuality 205
    VII. Drugs and Sexuality 206
    VIII. Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Sexuality 206
    Review Test 208
    20. AGGRESSION AND ABUSE 215
    I. Aggression 215
    II. Abuse and Neglect of Children, the Elderly, and Impaired Persons 216
    III. Physical and Sexual Abuse of Domestic Partners 218
    IV. The Role of the Physician in Suspected Abuse 219
    V. Sexual Aggression: Rape and Related Crimes 219
    Review Test 221
    21. THE PHYSICIAN–PATIENT RELATIONSHIP 227
    I. Medical Practice 227
    II. Adherence 230
    III. The Clinical Interview 230
    Review Test 233
    22. PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE 242
    I. Stress and Health 242
    II. Psychological Stress in Specific Patient Populations 244
    III. Patients with Chronic Pain 245
    IV. Patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 246
    Review Test 247
    23. LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES IN MEDICINE 251
    I. Principles of Medical Ethics, Legal Competence, and
    Decision-making Capacity 251
    II. Informed Consent 252
    III. Confidentiality 254
    IV. Reportable Illnesses 254
    V. Ethical Issues Involving HIV Infection 254
    VI. Involuntary and Voluntary Psychiatric Hospitalization 255 VII. Advance Directives 255
    VIII. Death and Euthanasia 256
    IX. Medical Malpractice 256
    X. Impaired Physicians 257
    Review Test 258
    24. HEALTH CARE IN THE UNITED STATES 271
    I. Health Care Delivery Systems 271
    II. Costs of Health Care 273
    III. Payment for Health Care: Health Insurance 273
    IV. Demographics of Health in the United States 276
    Review Test 278
    25. MEDICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 284
    I. Medical Epidemiology: Incidence and Prevalence 284
    II. Research Study Design 285
    III. Quantifying Risk 285
    IV. Bias, Reliability, and Validity 287
    V. Clinical Probability and Attack Rate 290
    VI. Graphic Representations of Epidemiological Data 290
    Review Test 293
    26. STATISTICAL ANALYSES 303
    I. Elements of Statistical Analyses 303
    II. Hypothesis Testing 306
    III. Statistical Tests 307
    Review Test 309
    Comprehensive Examination 314
    Index 351
    • Updated content details the latest developments in psychopharmacology, United States healthcare legislation, biological assessment of patients with psychiatric symptoms, and substance-related disorders to ready students for commonly tested topics.   
    • Convenient outline format makes exam preparation easy and efficient.
    • Chapters reflect the full range of behavioral science—from growth and development through assessment, specific disorders, therapies, legal and ethical issues—and conform to the latest psychiatric classification system, DSM-5.
    • Chapter-opening Typical Board Questions (TBQs) provide clinical context and familiarize students with how subjects are tested on the USMLE.
    • More than 600 multiple-choice, USMLE-style questions—including many new and updated questions—bolster students’ test-taking confidence and reinforce understanding with detailed explanations. 
    • End-of-book Comprehensive Exam with answers and detailed explanations also now includes cross-references back to the text for remediation.
    • Bolded key terms simplify students’ review of essential behavioral science terminology. 
    • 80 tables summarize essential information for quick access and efficient review.
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