An Osteopathic Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment

16 Still Technique ..................................................... 74
Dennis J. Dowling
17 Articulatory and Thrusting Techniques ............... 76
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
18 Myofa scial Release Concepts .....................................78
Dennis J. Dowling and Paula Scariati
19 Ligamentous Articular Strain
Technique and Balanced Ligamentous
Tension Technique .............................................. 85
William Thomas Crow
20 Functional Techniques ........................................ 89
Stanley Schiowitz
21 Osteopathy in the Cranial Field ........................... 91
Hugh Ettlinger and Bonnie Gintis
22 Chapman’s Reflex Points .................................... 94
John D. Capobianco
23 Inhibition and Progressive Inhibition of
Neur o musculoskeletal Structur es
Techniques ........................................................ 103
Dennis J. Dowling
SECTION III
CERVICAL SPINE
24 Cervical Anatomic Considerations ................... 108
Stanley Schiowitz and Jonathan E. Fenton
25 Evaluation of the Cervical Spine ....................... 112
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
26 Myofascial Techniques ...................................... 118
Toni Spinaris and Eileen L. DiGiovanna
27 Muscle Energy Techniques ............................... 123
Nancy Brous
28 Counterstrain Techniques ................................. 126
Eileen L. DiGiovanna and Lillian Somner
29 Facilitated Positional Release ........................... 129
Stanley Schiowitz
30 Still Techniques ................................................. 131
Dennis J. Dowling
31 PINS Techniques for the Cervical Spine ............ 136
Dennis J. Dowling
32 Thrusting Techniques ........................................ 139
Eileen L. DiGiovanna and Barry S. Erner
Contents
Preface vii
Acknowledgments ix
Contributors xi
SECTION I
BASICS OF OSTEOPATHIC MEDICINE
1 Introduction .......................................................... 2
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
2 History of Osteopathy .......................................... 4
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
3 The Philosophy of Osteopathic Medicine ............ 8
Dennis J. Dowling and David J. Martinke
4 Somatic Dysfunction ........................................... 12
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
5 General Anatomic Considerations ..................... 18
Stanley Schiowitz, Eileen L. DiGiovanna, and
Nancy Brous
6 General Physiologic Considerations .................... 29
Dennis J. Dowling and Paula D. Scariati
7 Structural Examination and Documentation ...... 42
Stanley Schiowitz and Dennis J. Dowling
8 Palpation ............................................................. 52
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
9 The Role of Exercise in Osteopathic
Management ....................................................... 54
Stanley Schiowitz and Albert J. DeRubertis
SECTION II
OSTEOPATHIC MANIPULATION
10 History of Manual Medicine .................................... 60
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
11 Goals, Classifications, and Models of
Osteopathic Manipulation .................................. 62
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
12 Myofascial (Soft Tissue) Techniques ................... 64
Toni Spinaris and Eileen L. DiGiovanna
13 Muscle Energy .................................................... 66
Dennis J. Dowling
14 Counterstrain ...................................................... 69
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
15 Facilitated Positional Release ............................. 72
Stanley Schiowitz 33 Exercise Therapy .............................................. 142
Stanley Schiowitz and Albert J. DeRubertis
34 Practical Applications and Case Histories .......... 146
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
SECTION IV
THORACIC SPINE
35 Thoracic Spine Anatomic Considerations ........ 151
Jonathan E. Fenton and Donald E. Phykitt
36 Evaluation of the Thoracic Spine ........................ 155
Eileen L. DiGiovanna and Donald E. Phykitt
37 Thoracic Myofascial Techniques ....................... 164
Eileen L. DiGiovanna and Toni Spinaris
38 Muscle Energy of the Thoracic Spine ............... 172
Eileen L. DiGiovanna and Dennis J. Dowling
39 Thoracic Counterstrain Techniques .................. 175
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
40 Facilitated Positional Release ........................... 179
Stanley Schiowitz
41 Still Techniques ................................................. 182
Dennis J. Dowling
42 PINS Techniques for the Thoracic Spine .......... 187
Dennis J. Dowling
43 Thoracic Spine Thrusting Techniques ............... 189
Eileen L. DiGiovanna, Dennis J. Dowling,
Barry S. Erner, and Paula D. Scariati
44 Exercise Therapy .............................................. 193
Stanley Schiowitz and Albert J. DeRubertis
45 Thoracic Spine Practical Applications and
Case Histories ................................................... 198
Eileen L. DiGiovanna and Christopher J. Amen
SECTION V
LUMBAR SPINE
46 Lumbar Anatomic Considerations .................... 204
Stanley Schiowitz
47 Evaluation of the Lumbar Spine ....................... 208
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
48 Myofascial Techniques ...................................... 213
Eileen L. DiGiovanna and Toni Spinaris
49 Muscle Energy Techniques for the
Lumbar Spine .................................................... 216
Sandra D. Yale, Nancy Brous, and
Dennis J. Dowling
50 Counterstrain Techniques ................................. 219
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
51 Facilitated Positional Release ........................... 223
Stanley Schiowitz
52 Still Techniques ................................................. 226
Dennis J. Dowling
53 PINS Techniques ............................................... 229
Dennis J. Dowling and Mary Banihashem
54 Thrusting Techniques for the Lumbar Spine ........231
Eileen L. DiGiovanna, Barry S. Erner, and
Paula D. Scariati
55 Exercise Therapy .............................................. 233
Stanley Schiowitz and Albert J. DeRubertis
56 Practical Applications and Case Histories ........ 241
Stanley Schiowitz, Eileen L. DiGiovanna,
Mary Banihashem, and Denise K. Burns
SECTION VI
PELVIS AND SACRUM
57 Pelvic and Sacral Anatomic Considerations ..... 250
Stanley Schiowitz
58 Gait and Postural Considerations ..................... 257
Stanley Schiowitz, Eileen L. DiGiovanna, and
Joseph A. DiGiovanna
59 Evaluation of the Pelvis .................................... 265
Dennis J. Dowling
60 Evaluation of the Sacrum .................................. 273
Dennis J. Dowling
61 Muscle Energy .................................................. 282
Dennis J. Dowling, Lisa R. Chun, and
Christopher J. Amen
62 Counterstrain Techniques for the
Sacrum and Pelvis ............................................. 289
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
63 Facilitated Positional Release T echniques
for the Sacrum and Pelvis ................................. 293
Stanley Schiowitz
64 Still Techniques ................................................. 297
Dennis J. Dowling
65 PINS Techniques ............................................... 302
Dennis J. Dowling
66 Thrusting Techniques ........................................ 305
Eileen L. DiGiovanna, Dennis J. Dowling, and
Barry S. Erner
67 Exercise ............................................................. 309
Stanley Schiowitz and Christopher J. Amen
68 Practical Applications and Case Histories
of the Sacrum and Pelvis .................................. 312
Eileen L. DiGiovanna, Denise K. Burns, and
Susan Milani
SECTION VII
THORACIC CAGE
69 Anatomic Considerations of the
Thoracic Cage ................................................... 318
Dennis J. Dowling and Christopher J. Amen
70 Evaluation of the Thoracic Cage ...................... 325
Eileen L. DiGiovanna 71 Muscle Energy Techniques for the Ribs ........... 329
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
72 Counterstrain Techniques for the Ribs ............. 334
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
73 Facilitated Positional Release ........................... 337
Stanley Schiowitz
74 Rib Still Techniques ........................................... 340
Dennis J. Dowling
75 PINS Techniques ............................................... 347
Dennis J. Dowling
76 Articulatory and Thrusting Techniques
for the Ribs ....................................................... 349
Eileen L. DiGiovanna, Barry S. Erner,
Christopher J. Amen, and Dennis J. Dowling
77 Exercises for the Thoracic Cage ....................... 353
Stanley Schiowitz and Eileen L. DiGiovanna
78 Practical Applications and Case Histories
of the Thoracic Cage ........................................ 355
Eileen L. DiGiovanna and Christopher J. Amen
SECTION VIII
UPPER EXTREMITIES
79 Shoulder Anatomical Considerations ............... 359
Eileen L. DiGiovanna and Stanley Schiowitz
80 Evaluation of the Shoulder ............................... 365
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
81 Elbow Anatomic Considerations ...................... 368
Eileen L. DiGiovanna, Stanley Schiowitz, and
Dennis J. Dowling
82 Evaluation of the Elbow ................................... 371
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
83 Wrist and Hand Anatomic Considerations ....... 373
Eileen L. DiGiovanna, Stanley Schiowitz, and
Dennis J. Dowling
84 Evaluation of the Wrist and Hand .................... 377
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
85 Muscle Energy Treatment of the Upper
Extremities ........................................................ 380
Eileen L. DiGiovanna and Dennis J. Dowling
86 Counterstrain of the Upper Extremities ........... 383
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
87 Facilitated Positional Release of the
Upper Extremities ............................................. 388
Stanley Schiowitz
88 Articulatory and Thrusting Techniques
for the Upper Extremities ................................. 390
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
89 Exercise Therapy for the Upper Extremity ...... 397
Stanley Schiowitz and Albert J. DeRubertis
90 Practical Applications and Case Histories
of the Upper Extremities .................................. 407
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
SECTION IX
LOWER EXTREMITIES
91 Anatomical Considerations of the Hip ............. 413
Stanley Schiowitz
92 Evaluation of the Hip ........................................ 416
Dennis J. Dowling and Eileen L. DiGiovanna
93 Knee Anatomic Considerations ........................ 423
Stanley Schiowitz
94 Evaluation of the Knee ..................................... 426
Stanley Schiowitz and Eileen L. DiGiovanna
95 Foot and Ankle Anatomic Considerations ....... 433
Stanley Schiowitz
96 Evaluation of Foot and Ankle Dysfunctions ..... 438
Stanley Schiowitz and Eileen L. DiGiovanna
97 Muscle Energy of the Lower Extremity ............ 442
Dennis J. Dowling
98 Counterstrain Treatment for the Lower
Extremities ........................................................ 448
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
99 Facilitated Positional Release of the
Lower Extremities ............................................. 457
Stanley Schiowitz
100 Articulatory and Thrusting Techniques
for the Lower Extremities ................................. 460
Eileen L. DiGiovanna and Barry S. Erner
101 Exercise Therapy for the Lower Extremity ....... 464
Stanley Schiowitz and Albert J. DeRubertis
102 Practical Applications and Case Histories
of the Lower Extremities .................................. 471
Stanley Schiowitz
SECTION X
CRANIAL OSTEOPATHY
103 Cranial Anatomic Considerations .......................... 480
Hugh Ettlinger and Bonnie Gintis
104 Cranial Motions and Dysfunction ..................... 494
Hugh Ettlinger and Bonnie Gintis
105 Diagnosis and Treatment of the Cranium ......... 500
Hugh Ettlinger and Bonnie Gintis
106 Practical A p p l i c a t i o n s o f C r a n i a l
Osteopathy ....................................................... 503
Sonia Rivera-Martinez
SECTION XI
SYSTEMIC CONSIDERATIONS
107 Lymphatics ........................................................ 510
Dennis J. Dowling
108 Circulatory System ............................................ 517
Dennis J. Dowling
109 Autonomic Nervous System ............................. 521
Dennis J. Dowling 110 Visceral Manipulation ....................................... 524
Eileen L. DiGiovanna and Dennis J. Dowling
111 HEENT Applications ......................................... 527
Eileen L. DiGiovanna, Donald E. Phykitt, and
Mary-Theresa Ferris
112 Pulmonary Applications .................................... 538
Eileen L. DiGiovanna and
Sonia Rivera-Martinez
113 Cardiac Applications ......................................... 543
Charles J. Smutny III, Eileen L. DiGiovanna,
and Sonia Rivera-Martinez
114 Gastrointestinal Applications ........................... 549
Dennis J. Dowling and Michael F. Oliverio
115 Renal and Urologic Considerations .................. 556
Stanley Schiowitz
116 Obstetric and Gynecologic Considerations ..... 562
Anita Showalter
117 Neurologic Considerations ............................... 581
Eileen L. DiGiovanna and Michael Rowane
SECTION XII
OSTEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT
118 The Manipulative Prescription .......................... 586
Eileen L. DiGiovanna
119 Osteopathic Considerations in Diabetes
Mellitus ............................................................. 592
Denise K. Burns and Susan Milani
120 The Hospitalized Patient .................................. 598
Denise K. Burns
121 An Osteopathic Approach to
Thyroid Disease ................................................ 601
Denise K. Burns and Mary Banihashem
Index 607