The flagship title from the prestigious American College of Sports Medicine, this critical handbook delivers scientifically based, evidence-informed standards to ...
The flagship title from the prestigious American College of Sports Medicine, this critical handbook delivers scientifically based, evidence-informed standards to prepare you for success.
Providing succinct summaries of recommended procedures for exercise testing and exercise prescription in healthy and diseased patients, this trusted manual is an essential resource for all exercise professionals, as well as other health professionals who may counsel patients on exercise including physicians, nurses, physician assistants, physical and occupational therapists, dieticians, and health care administrators. The extensively updated eleventh edition has been reorganized for greater clarity and integrates the latest Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans.
UPDATED! Integrated guidelines, including the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, reflect the most current, clinically sound approaches to exercise testing and prescription.
NEW! Chapter on conditions that affect the brain familiarizes students with specific strategies for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, autism, depression and anxiety.
UPDATED! Enhanced organization helps students find information quickly and easily.
FITT (Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type) boxes make locating critical exercise prescription information quick and easy.
Revised appendices integrate valuable information on ECGs, medication and emergency management where it is most relevant. A new appendix on metabolic equations is included.
Additional boxes, tables, and figures highlight important concepts and approaches at a glance.
Edition
11
ISBN/ISSN
9781975150181
Product Format
Paperback Spiralbound
Trim Size
5 x 8
Pages
541
Table
77
Series
Lippincott Connect-ACSM
Edition
11
Publication Date
April 8, 2021
Weight
1.45
Gary Liguori
American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM)
Contents 1 Benefits and Risks Associated with Physical Activity 1 Introduction 1 Physical Activity and Fitness Terminology 1 Public Health Perspective for Current Recommendations 4 Sedentary Behavior and Health 7 Health Benefits of Regular Physical Activity and Exercise 9 Health Benefits of Improving Muscular Fitness 10 Risks Associated with Physical Activity and Exercise 10 Exercise-Related Musculoskeletal Injury 12 Sudden Cardiac Death among Young Individuals 12 Exercise-Related Cardiac Events in Adults 14 Exercise Testing and the Risk of Cardiac Events 16 Risks of Cardiac Events during Cardiac Rehabilitation 16 Prevention of Exercise-Related Cardiac Events 16 Online Resources 19 References 19 2 Pre-exercise Evaluation 27 Introduction 27 Informed Consent 28 Exercise Preparticipation Health Screening 28 American College of Sports Medicine Preparticipation Screening Process 31 American College of Sports Medicine Preparticipation Screening Algorithm 32 Algorithm Components 32 Using the Algorithm 37 Alternative Self-Guided Method 40 Exercise Testing 45 Risk Stratification for Individuals with Clinical Conditions and Medical Fitness Facilities 45 Pre-exercise Evaluation 45 Medical History and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Assessment 47 Additional Recommendations 48 Online Resources 55 References 55xxiv ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing • www.acsm.org 3 Health-Related Physical Fitness Testing and Interpretation 58 Introduction 58 Purposes of Health-Related Physical Fitness Testing 58 Basic Principles and Guidelines 59 Pretest Instructions for Fitness Testing 59 Organizing the Fitness Test 59 Test Environment 60 A Comprehensive Health Fitness Evaluation 60 Measurement of Resting Heart Rate and Blood Pressure 61 Body Composition 61 Anthropometric Methods 63 Densitometry 70 Other Techniques 72 Body Composition Norms 72 Cardiorespiratory Fitness 73 The Concept of Maximal Oxygen Uptake 75 Maximal versus Submaximal Exercise Testing 76 Cardiorespiratory Test Sequence and Measures 77 Test Termination Criteria 79 Modes of Testing 79 Submaximal Exercise Tests 87 Interpretation of Results 87 Muscular Fitness 90 Rationale 92 Principles 93 Muscular Strength 93 Muscular Endurance 97 Muscular Power 100 Flexibility 100 Balance 103 Online Resources 105 References 106 4 Clinical Exercise Testing and Interpretation 113 Introduction 113 Indications for a Clinical Exercise Test 113 Conducting the Clinical Exercise Test 115 Testing Staff 117 Testing Mode and Protocol 119 Monitoring and Test Termination 121 Post-exercise 124 Safety 124 Interpreting the Clinical Exercise Test 126 Heart Rate Response 126 Blood Pressure Response 126 Rate-Pressure Product 127 Electrocardiogram 128 Symptoms 129xxv Contents Exercise Capacity 130 Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing 131 Maximal versus Peak Cardiorespiratory Stress 131 Diagnostic Value of Exercise Testing for the Detection of Ischemic Heart Disease 133 Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predictive Value 133 Clinical Exercise Test Data and Prognosis 135 Clinical Exercise Tests with Imaging 135 Field Walking Tests 137 Online Resources 138 References 138 5 General Principles of Exercise Prescription 142 An Introduction to the Principles of Exercise Prescription 142 General Considerations for Exercise Prescription 143 Components of the Exercise Training Session 143 Cardiorespiratory Fitness 144 Frequency of Aerobic Exercise 145 Intensity of Aerobic Exercise 146 Time (Duration) of Aerobic Exercise 150 Type (Mode) 151 Volume (Quantity) of Aerobic Exercise 151 Progression of Aerobic Exercise 153 Resistance Training 153 Frequency of Resistance Training Exercise 155 Intensity of Resistance Training Exercise 155 Types of Resistance Training Exercises 156 Rest Intervals for Resistance Training Exercises 157 Volume (Number of Sets per Week) of Resistance Training Exercise 157 Progression of Resistance Training Exercise 157 Flexibility 158 Types of Flexibility Exercises 160 Volume of Flexibility Exercise (Time, Repetitions, and Frequency) 160 References 161 6 Exercise Prescription for Healthy Populations with Special Considerations 167 Children and Adolescents 167 Exercise Testing 168 Exercise Prescription 169 Special Considerations 171 Online Resources 172 Low Back Pain 172 Exercise Testing 174 Exercise Prescription 175 Special Considerations 176 Online Resources 177xxvi ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing • www.acsm.org Older Adults 177 Exercise Testing 178 Exercise Prescription 181 Special Considerations for Exercise Programming 185 Online Resources 186 Pregnancy 186 Exercise Testing 188 Exercise Prescription 188 Special Considerations 193 Online Resources 193 References 194 7 Environmental Considerations for Exercise Prescription 202 Introduction 202 Exercise in High-Altitude Environments 202 Altitude Acclimatization 203 Rapid Ascent 204 Assessing Individual Altitude Acclimatization Status 205 Medical Considerations: Altitude Illnesses and Preexisting Conditions 205 Prevention and Treatment of Altitude Sickness 207 Exercise Prescription 207 Special Considerations 208 Organizational Planning 209 Exercise in Cold Environments 209 Medical Considerations: Cold Injuries 209 Cardiac and Respiratory Considerations 212 Clothing Considerations 214 Exercise Prescription 214 Exercise in Hot Environments 215 Counteracting Dehydration 215 Medical Considerations: Exertional Heat Illnesses 217 Exercise Prescription 220 Special Considerations 220 References 222 8 Exercise Prescription for Individuals with Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Diseases 226 Introduction 226 Cardiovascular, Peripheral Arterial, and Pulmonary Diseases 226 Inpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs 227 Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation 232 Individuals with Heart Failure 237 Individuals with a Sternotomy 240 Pacemaker and Implantable Cardioverter De? brillator 241 Individuals after Cardiac Transplantation 243 Individuals with Peripheral Artery Disease 245 Exercise Testing 246 FITT Recommendations for Individuals with xxvii Contents Peripheral Artery Disease 247 Exercise Training Considerations 248 Individuals with a Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke) 248 Exercise Testing 248 Exercise Prescription 249 Exercise Training Considerations 249 Other Considerations 250 Exercise Training for Return to Work 251 Pulmonary Diseases 251 Asthma 252 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 255 Exercise Training for Pulmonary Diseases Other than Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 261 Online Resources 265 References 266 9 Exercise Prescription for Individuals with Metabolic Disease and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors 276 Introduction 276 Diabetes Mellitus 276 Benefits of Regular Physical Activity for Diabetes 278 Exercise Testing 279 Exercise Prescription 279 Special Considerations 282 Online Resources 285 Dyslipidemia 285 Exercise Testing 286 Exercise Prescription 286 Special Consideration 288 Online Resources 288 Hypertension 288 Exercise Testing 289 Exercise Prescription 290 Special Considerations 292 Online Resources 293 Metabolic Syndrome 293 Exercise Testing 293 Exercise Prescription/Special Considerations 295 Online Resources 296 Overweight and Obesity 296 Exercise Testing 297 Exercise Prescription 298 Special Considerations 299 Bariatric Surgery 299 Online Resources 300 References 300xxviii ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing • www.acsm.org 10 Exercise Testing and Prescription for Populations with Other Chronic Diseases and Health Conditions 307 Introduction 307 Arthritis 307 Exercise Testing 309 Exercise Prescription 309 Special Considerations 312 Online Resources 312 Cancer 312 Overview of Importance of Physical Activity in Cancer Survivors 313 Preparticipation Evaluation 314 Exercise Prescription 318 Summary 324 Online Resources 324 Fibromyalgia 324 Exercise Testing 327 Exercise Prescription 328 Special Considerations 331 Online Sources 332 Human Immunodeficiency Virus 332 Exercise Testing 333 Exercise Prescription 334 Special Considerations 335 Online Resources 336 Kidney Disease 336 Exercise Testing 336 Exercise Prescription 338 Special Considerations 340 Online Resources 341 Multiple Sclerosis 341 Exercise Testing 344 Exercise Testing Considerations 345 Exercise Prescription 346 Special Considerations 347 Online Resources 348 Osteoporosis 348 Exercise Testing 349 Exercise Prescription 349 Special Considerations 349 Online Resources 351 Spinal Cord Injury 351 Exercise Testing 352 Exercise Prescription 354 Special Considerations 358 Online Resources 361xxix Contents Multiple Chronic Diseases and Health Conditions 361 Exercise Testing 361 Exercise Prescription 362 Special Considerations 362 References 362 11 Brain Health and Brain-Related Disorders 378 Introduction 378 Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder 379 Exercise Testing 380 Exercise Prescription 380 Future Directions 381 Online Resources 382 Alzheimer’s Disease 382 Exercise Testing 384 Exercise Prescription 385 Future Directions 387 Online Resources 387 Anxiety and Depression 387 Exercise Testing 388 Exercise Prescription 388 Exercise Considerations 390 Special Considerations 391 Online Resources 391 Autism Spectrum Disorder 392 Exercise Testing 393 Exercise Prescription 393 Exercise Training Considerations 395 Future Directions 395 Online Resources 396 Cerebral Palsy 397 Exercise Testing 398 Exercise Prescription 400 Online Resources 403 Intellectual Disability and Down Syndrome 403 Exercise Testing 404 Exercise Prescription 407 Special Considerations for Individuals with Intellectual Disability 409 Special Considerations for Individuals with Down Syndrome 410 Online Resources 411 Parkinson’s Disease 412 Exercise Testing 416 Exercise Programming 418 Special Considerations 422 Future Directions 423xxx ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing • www.acsm.org Online Resources 424 References 424 12 Behavioral Theories and Strategies for Promoting Exercise 441 Introduction 441 Modifying the Exercise Prescription 441 Frequency/Time 442 Intensity 442 Type 442 Theoretical Foundations for Understanding Exercise Behavior 443 Social Cognitive Theory 443 Transtheoretical Model 446 Health Belief Model 447 Self-Determination Theory 447 Theory of Planned Behavior 449 Social Ecological Models 449 Dual Processing Theories 450 Strategies and Approaches for Increasing Physical Activity 452 Enhancing Self-Efficacy 452 Self-Monitoring 452 Goal Setting 453 Implementation Intentions 453 Reinforcement 453 Social Support 454 Problem Solving 455 Affect Regulation 455 Relapse Prevention 457 Brief Counseling and Motivational Interviewing 457 Stage of Change Tailored Counseling 458 Group Leader Effectiveness 458 Special Populations 460 Cultural Diversity 461 Older Adults 461 Individuals with Mental Illness 462 Youth 462 Individuals with Obesity 463 Individuals with Chronic Diseases and Health Conditions 463 Online Resources 464 References 464 Appendix A Common Medications 470 Appendix B Electrocardiogram Interpretation 477 Appendix C American College of Sports Medicine Certifications 482 Appendix D Metabolic Calculations and Methods for Prescribing Exercise Intensity 487 Appendix E Contributing Authors to the Previous Two Editions 495 Index 501
UPDATED! Integrated guidelines, including the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, reflect the most current, clinically sound approaches to exercise testing and prescription.
NEW! Chapter on conditions that affect the brain familiarizes students with specific strategies for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, autism, depression and anxiety.
UPDATED! Enhanced organization helps students find information quickly and easily.
FITT (Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type) boxes make locating critical exercise prescription information quick and easy.
Revised appendices integrate valuable information on ECGs, medication and emergency management where it is most relevant. A new appendix on metabolic equations is included.
Additional boxes, tables, and figures highlight important concepts and approaches at a glance.
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ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription
ISBN/ISSN: 9781975150181
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